You can set up a global exception handler in some frameworks. By having multiple (not a crazy amount) of exceptions, you can set up logic for how to handle that kind of error. Then you can just throw the exception instead of writing individual catch blocks.

This is especially helpful in things like a REST API where user input can cause all kinds of fun, let alone network issues, problems with your data source, etc.

This is like Dalinar and the fighting master from Stormlight Archive.